Romania: Facts & Stats

TRANSPORTATION

Roads:

According to CIA Fact book, Romania total road network is estimated to be 198,817 km long, out of which 60,043 km are paved and 138,774 km (2004) are unpaved. The World Bank estimates that the road network that is outside of cities and communes (i.e. excluding streets and village roads) is about 78,000 km long.

Public roads in Romania are ranked according to importance and traffic as follows:

• motorways - color: green; designation: A followed by one digit
• expressways - color: red; designation: DX followed by one or two digits and an optional letter
• national road - color: red; designation: DN followed by one or two digits and an optional letter
• county road - color: blue; designation: DJ followed by three digits and an optional letter; unique numbers per county
• local road - color: yellow; designated DC followed by a number and an optional letter; unique numbers per county

Railroads:

Bucharest is the only city in Romania which as of 2009 has an underground railway system, comprising both the Bucharest Metro and the light rail system Regia Autonoma de Transport Bucuresti. Now it is one of the most accessed systems of the Bucharest public transport network with an average of 750,000 passengers during the workweek. In total, the network is 71 km long and has 52 stations.

Some proposals have been made about building a metro networks in some of the other largest cities in the country, such as one in Cluj-Napoca, and in Brasov.

Rail links with adjacent countries

• Ukraine - yes - Break-of-gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in)/1,520 mm (4 ft 11 5/6 in). Crossings at Vicsani, Valea Viseului and Câmpulung-la-Tisa (including bogie conversion systems). Dual gauge track exists between Tereseva (Ukraine)/Câmpulung-la-Tisa - Sighetu Marmatiei - Valea Viseului, going back into Ukraine. Ukrainian trains (both freight and passenger services) occasionally use this route without stopping within Romania. International passenger services exists between Bucharest and Kiev (and onwards to Moscow) via Vicsani (operated by CFR, with UZ and RZD cars) and between Sighetu Marmatiei and Tereseva (operated by UZ). No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified).


• Moldova - yes - Break-of-gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in)/1,520 mm (4 ft 11 5/6 in). Crossings and bogie changers exist at Ungheni-Prut and Galati-Reni. No voltage issues (None of the tracks of the Moldovan Railways are electrified). Daily passenger service to Chisinau from Bucharest. Multiple daily services from Iasi.


• Hungary - yes - Multiple crossings (from North to South - Carei, Valea lui Mihai, Episcopia Bihor, Salonta, Curtici. Multiple daily passenger frequencies to Budapest and beyond (Vienna, Prague) from Bucharest and from many cities within Transylvania. No voltage issues, both railroad systems electrified at 25 kV, 50 Hz AC (electrified crossing at Curtici/Lokoshaza only).


• Serbia - yes - crossings at Jimbolia and Stamora Moravita. Daily service from Bucharest to Belgrade via Timisoara. No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified).


• Bulgaria - yes - crossings at Giurgiu and Negru Voda. Daily passenger service to Sofia and beyond (Athens and Istanbul) from Bucharest. No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified).

Aviation:

Romania has a well developed airport infrastructure compared to other countries in Eastern Europe. There are 17 commercial airports in service today, most of them opened for international traffic. Five of the airports (OTP, BBU, TSR, CND, SBZ) have runways of over 3,000 m in length and are capable of handling wide-body aircraft.

Three of the airports (BCM, CRA, SUJ) have runways of 2,500 m in length, while the rest of them have runways of 1,800 to 2,000 m. As of December 2006, TCE and CSB are the only airports with no regular flights. Almost all the airports have experienced traffic growth in the last 4 years.

International airports:

• Bucharest "Henri Coanda"
• Bucharest "Aurel Vlaicu"
• Timisoara "Traian Vuia"
• Cluj-Napoca
• Sibiu
• Iasi
• Arad
• Bacau "George Enescu"
• Constanta "Mihail Kogalniceanu"
• Târgu Mures
• Baia Mare

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