Romania: Facts & Stats

ECONOMY

Industry:

Although industry continues to be a large sector of the economy (30% of GDP in 2000), it is outmoded and in need of serious modernization and restructuring. Key industries in 2002 included textiles and footwear, light machinery and automobile assembly, construction materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, and petroleum refining.

Romania produced 68,761 automobiles in 2001, a 12% decrease from 2000. It produced 759 heavy trucks in 2000, a 13% decrease from 1999. The country had 10 oil refineries in 2002, with a capacity of 504,000 barrels per day.

Agriculture:

Although under communism the emphasis had been on industrialization, Romania is still largely an agricultural country. Of the total land area, 43% was arable land in 1998. Agriculture engaged about 16% of the active population and accounted for 15% of GDP in 2001.

Grain growing has been the traditional agricultural pursuit, but the acreage has been reduced since World War II, and more area has been assigned to industrial and fodder crops. The 1999 production totals (in thousand tons) for major crops was wheat, 4,658; barley, 624; corn, 10,014; oats, 390; soybeans, 169; sunflower seeds, 1,208; sugar beets, 1,360; vegetables, 3,745; potatoes, 3,162; and grapes, 1,420.

Research & Development:

The Romanian Academy, founded in 1866, has sections of mathematical sciences, physical sciences, chemical sciences, biological sciences, economical sciences, technical sciences, agricultural sciences and forestry, medical sciences, and science and technology of information.

The Academy of Medical Sciences and the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences were both founded in 1969. All three organizations are located in Bucharest, and in 1996, had 67 research institutes attached to them.

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